His dialogues explore fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, and the ideal state, often featuring Socratic questioning as a method of inquiry.

Central to Plato’s thought is the Theory of Forms, positing that non-material abstract forms represent the most accurate reality. His works, such as "The Republic," "Phaedrus," and "Timaeus," continue to be studied for their insights into human nature and the pursuit of the good life. Plato founded the Academy in Athens, one of the earliest institutions of higher learning in the Western world, cementing his legacy as one of the most significant philosophers in history.