Aristotle
Aristotle, a towering figure in Western philosophy, was born in 384 BCE in Stagira, a small town in northern Greece. He was a polymath whose contributions span across numerous disciplines, including metaphysics, ethics, politics, aesthetics, and natural sciences.
A student of Plato, Aristotle's thoughts diverged from his mentor, leading him to establish his own philosophical framework that emphasised empirical observation and logic. His works, such as "Nicomachean Ethics," "Politics," and "Poetics," continue to influence contemporary thought and lay the groundwork for various fields, from psychology to political theory. Aristotle's emphasis on the importance of virtue and reason defines his ethical philosophy and underscores his belief in the pursuit of the 'good life' through rational activity.