Renowned for his groundbreaking and revolutionary theories, especially the widely celebrated theory of relativity, Einstein completely transformed our understanding of crucial concepts such as time, space, and gravity. His most famous equation, E=mc², established the pivotal relationship between mass and energy, fundamentally altering the trajectory of modern physics and leading to numerous advancements in the field. Beyond his remarkable scientific achievements, Einstein was also a vocal and passionate advocate for civil rights and pacifism, reflecting his deep commitment to humanitarian ideals and social justice.